28 THE CAAR COMMUNICATOR FOOD SECURITY are eaten by humans; 36 percent are consumed as animal feed; and the remaining nine percent is used to create various types of biofuels or for other industrial uses. What if the land used to create animal feed was put to better use? The Chinese research team has suggested that to create its coal-based protein animal feed, only 1/1,000th as much land is required to create the same amount of feed. That means the other 999/1,000th of the land used to grow animal feed can be repurposed to create better food security and better, greener fuel options. For those decrying our mad-western philosophy of eating lots of meat—this writer must be mad, too— that we waste our fields for animals that eat foods grown on other fields, coal-to-animal food protein seems like a win-win without making meat lovers adjust their tastebuds. Although there is a push to produce lab-grown meat, we are unsure what the general public’s response would be. People are more likely to like things they are familiar with. Meat grown in a Petrie dish does not sound as stimulating or appealing as meat processed from a cow, pig, chicken, etc. But what about a cow, pig, chicken, etc. that ate feed derived from coal? As long as the flavour is familiar as a meat protein, there should be less pushback to its acceptance by consumers. However, we are talking about North American consumers here. We know there are certainly many people across Canada who are adventurous and will sample hachi no ko (a Japanese meal of baby bees, aka bee larvae) or apply powdered cricked into a flour base to make baked goods. For others, being adventurous might mean trying hakka (a cuisine derived from a mixing of Chinese and Indian cultures) or learning that sashimi is actually “raw fish” and that they would indeed prefer a roll of avocado-filled sushi. And still, for others, it might be trying a new restaurant offering pulled pork or a southern place dishing out some hominy grits that they’ve heard about but have no clue what they are. Still others define adventure as trying a fancy burger not from the wonderful McDonald’s, Burger King, Wendy’s, or Harvey’s. So, as long as the meat quality is NOT affected by beef cows eating coal-derived feed proteins or the milk from dairy cows remains the white colour we are used to (the writer loves egg nog and chocolate milk, too, but he is talking about milk as it comes fresh out of the animal), there could be a move forward. Although the technology here is from China, this is a science we need to be aware of. Oil + Coal = Food Biotech researchers at the Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) know that China has to import about 80 percent of its raw protein from crops like soybeans. Relying on other countries for food puts China in its own food security quagmire. Should politics get in the way, the country could suddenly be short of the needed protein. It was one of the reasons why the CAS looked at using fossil fuels to produce edible proteins. For the researchers, it was also a way to build on the oil-toprotein biotechnology first pioneered by gas giant BP (British Petroleum) in the 1960s. In 1960, after WWII, the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) described a protein gap between the world’s haves and the havenots. It showed that 25 percent of the global population lacked proper protein in their daily diet. In the 1960s, there was a food shortage involving protein, and it was recognized that it would only get worse in the near future. To combat the issue, food yeast was developed as an industry, with the USSR producing about 900,000 tons of food yeast and fodder yeast in 1970. BP researchers had, in the 1960s, developed a “proteins-from-oil” process in which yeast-fed waxy n-paraffins, a byproduct of oil refineries, produced a single-cell protein. According to the UN, our planet’s population hit eight billion in November 2022 and is expected to reach nine billion by 2037. Even while people on Earth starve from a lack of food daily, things may get worse—hence an effort by all UN-chartered countries to reduce GHG gases and work to ensure food security dilemmas are contained or, in the best-case scenario, forever removed. Chinese Food One of the most exciting things about Chinese food—and by this, we mean authentic cuisine from China, not necessarily from that industrial mall staple near your house—is that every region and every city has its own style and flavour. To quote the phrase from the 1994 film Forrest Gump: “My mom always said life was like a box of chocolates. You never know what you’re gonna get.”
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